1) The Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences
Author(s):Chief Editor
Prof. Muhammad Jahanzeb Khan, PhD
Department of Psychology
University of Peshawar
Associate Editor
Prof. Gul Rahim Khan, PhD
Department of Archaeology
University of Peshawar
Sub-E
Abstract :
The Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences (JHSS), a refereed and internationally indexed journal recognised by the HEC, is published biannually by the Faculty of Arts and Humanities, University of Peshawar, with the approval of the competent authority. No part of the material published in this journal be reproduced, reprinted, or copied without the prior permission of the chief editor.2) Effective Managerial Skills and Female Entrepreneurship: A Case Study of Beauty Parlor Business in Karachi
Author(s):Muhammad Siddique1
Pakistan Navy School of Logistics, PNS Karsaz, Karachi
Abu Zar Wajidi
Institute of Health & Business Management (IOHBM)
Jinnah Sindh Medical University, Karachi
Abstract :
Entrepreneurs have a vital role in the economic development of any country. By their skills and knowledge, they start their businesses with new ideas to the market. Female entrepreneurs act as the backbone upon which sits the development of economies across the globe. A surge in industrialization and urbanization, along with social legislation and mass accessibility to higher education, have escalated the growth of female-owned businesses in the economies throughout the world. This study explores the need for effective managerial skills being essential for female entrepreneurs for the growth of their businesses in Pakistan. A well-developed and tested questionnaire is used for data collection. Data is collected from 450 respondents on a convenience basis from selected areas of Karachi. For data analysis, descriptive statistics were applied on proposed variables, such as the importance of good administration, planning and controlling, use of Information Technology (IT) in business and sufficient education and required training for female entrepreneurs. The results of the analysis were in favor of using effective managerial skills by female entrepreneurs. This study stands out as the first of its kind in Pakistan intended to serve as a beacon for government regulators to help them address the need and importance of effective managerial skills for Pakistani female entrepreneurs, in turn paving the way for effective decision making and planning activities tha3) Project Success, Internal Stakeholder Engagement and Satisfaction: A Moderated Mediation Analysis
Author(s):Uzair Touqeer
COMSATS University, Islamabad, Attock Campus
Muhammad Yasir1 and Sohail Farooq
Hazara University, Mansehra, Pakistan
Abstract :
The purpose of this research is to examine the relationship between internal stakeholder engagement and project success with mediating effect of Stakeholder satisfaction. The study also examines the moderating role of empowerment in the relationship of stakeholders’ engagement and satisfaction. The data were collected from internal stakeholders i.e., project team and functional team members of three mega projects of oil and gas sector operating in District Attock. The data was analyzed using Smart PLS. Based on the analysis of this cross-sectional data collected from 318 respondents from project teams and functional teams, the study indicates that success of a project significantly depends on project team engagement. The study also highlights that stakeholder satisfaction is an important mediating factor in the relationship between internal stakeholder engagement and project success. Further, the results indicate that empowerment significantly and positively moderates the effect of internal stakeholders’ engagement on stakeholder satisfaction and ultimately project success. The results of this study are important to explain the moderated mediation model identifying the relationship among variables affecting a project’s success. This is a unique study offering new insights into existing management literature, as there is hardly any available research identifying and analyzing the relationships among variables covered in this study.4) Translating Iqbal: An Evaluation of Selections from Three English Translations of Shikwa and Jawab-e-Shikwa
Author(s):Nasir Mehmood and Hazrat Umar
Department of English, Faculty of English Studies, NUML, Islamabad
Abstract :
This article aims at investigating the lexical choices and syntactical strategies used by the translators in the selection from three English translations of Iqbal’s ‘Shikwa’ and ‘Jawab-e-Shikwa’. Moreover, it explores how these translations exhibit similarities and differences with the original text. The researchers have used Vinay and Darbelnt’s model (2004) of stylistic analysis for examining the source text and the target texts. After analyzing the translations of the selected stanzas, it has been found that the translators have used a variety of approaches for rendering the Source Text (ST), which consequently resulted in different translation products. However, at some places, the translations also show some similarities. The study concludes that verse to verse translation, with absolute perfection is not possible, especially in the present case, where the languages involved are syntactically and culturally different. Moreover, the knowledge of the translator regarding technical aspects of poetry is also significant in the translation process. The study also indicates that loss and gain are likely to occur in the process of translation as sometimes the translator has to opt for either preserving the meaning of the original or maintaining the poetic beauty in the translation. Lastly, the study recommends that the translators should focus on creating a balance in transferring both content and form.5) Minority Ethnic, Race and Sect Relations in Pakistan:Hazara Residing in Quetta
Author(s):Sarfraz Khan
Professor, Area Study Center, University of Peshawar
Noor Ul Amin1
Islamia College Univeristy, Peshawar
Abstract :
This paper charts systematic persecution, ethnic profiling, target killing, kidnapping, harassment, racial discrimination and ghettoization, ethnic Hazara face in Quetta.The Hazara, a marginalized ethnicity severely discriminated, began migrating initially into British India, from Afghanistan, in 1890s. During 1962- 63, the government of Pakistan granted ethnic Hazara citizenship rights. Constitutionally, they were to enjoy equal rights, might form political parties, to represent them in elected bodies of Balochistan and Pakistan. Previously, ethnic Hazara individuals rose to the positions of:Generals; rather, Chief of the Army Staff; and to Federal/ProvincialMinisters/Governors, in Pakistan. However, the Hazara began facing discrimination and ethnic, cultural as well as confessional (a majority of Hazara profess Shia sect of Islam) persecution, in Pakitan, in the last two deacades of the previous mellenium, at unofficial, and continue to face, both, at official and unofficial levels. Since 2012, computerised National Identity Cards of ethnic Hazara in Quetta have been suspended/blocked, a step tentamount to denial of citizenship rights of Pakistan. A Sunni militant terrorist outfit, Lashkar-Jhangive, warned ethnic Hazara of turning Pakistan into their graveyard, in case, they did not leave this country. Following Iranian revolution enusuing Iran/Saudi (Shia- Sunni) conflict resulted into proxy war. Hazara leaders suspect, systematic persecution of Hazar6) Shared goals, Social Trust and Knowledge Sharing in Peshawar University: An Empirical Study
Author(s):Rabia Ishrat and Wali Rahman
Sarhad University of Science & IT, Peshawar
Abstract :
The purpose of this research is to understand the importance of knowledge-sharing factors such as shared goals and social trust on knowledge sharing in University of Peshawar. Data from 244 randomly selected respondents from the target population have been collected through a questionnaire. The questionnaire was tested for its validity and reliability. In order to test the hypothesis of the study, multiple regression analysis has been employed. Findings indicate that shared goals and social trust both are positive and significant predictors of knowledge sharing. In the model, shared goals happen to be the most influential factor within the overall model. This research addresses the gap on knowledge sharing in general and in Universities which appears very sparse. As a social research, the study has its limitations. The research findings have both practical as well theoretical implications. Recommendations for further research have also been provided.7) Urbanization and Its Impact on Necessities: Opportunities and Challenges in Pakistan
Author(s):Rummana Zaheer
Department of Economics, University of Karachi.
Sanam Wagma Khattak1
Department of Economics, University of Peshawar
Saman Hussain
Degree Girls College 11-C, Orangi Town, Karachi,
Abstract :
Cities having industries with high productivity and employment magnetize rural population and resultantly influence commercial activities. Likewise other developing economies, Pakistan (sixth most populous country in the world) also experienced a rise in its rate of urbanization at 2.81% in 2015-16. This raising pace of urbanization embraces emerging challenge of resource reallocation in both rural and urban sectors of the economy. Thus the structural transformation in the economy along effective nutrition and human developmental policies are serious notes among the many other socio-economic developmental strategies of country. In order to address access to necessities (food and drinking water insecurity and sanitation services), the present study is an attempt to discuss the association of improvement in health care, sanitation, water availability and especially food insecurity. For the purpose, time series data is taken for the period of 1975 to 2016.While to analyze the impact of urbanization to the necessities, this paper gives particular attention to theoretical and empirical findings observed from attributes of population development in rural areas. Technique of ARDL and Toda Yamamoto Granger Causality are applied to examine the relationship of variables. The study finds a significant association of food, sanitation services and water availability to the growth of urban population.8) The Complexities of Masculinity and Femininity in Khyber Pukhtunkhwa, Pakistan
Author(s):Shabana Shamaas Gul Khattak1
International Islamic University Islamabad, Pakistan
Abstract :
This article highlights historical background of Pakistani education system with special reference to gender relations and society. It further discusses the geographical location, population, demography and language of the country to understand the dynamics of masculinity and femininity in the province. The study outlines ethnic and religious dimensions of the people influencing the education system, with focus on Khyber Pukhtunkhwa2. Moreover, an analysis of some critical gender issues, regarding women status in the country is attempted. The study concludes that poverty, economic dependency, lack of social security system and a poor education infrastructure are some of the issues of masculinity and femininity in Pakistan. Gender empowerment is limited to slogans, as women access to education and her rights of Islamic inheritance and Haq Mehr (bride money) are altered by cultural discourses9) University Teachers’ Use of Refusal Strategies and Students’ Perception of Linguistic Politeness in Teachers’ Refusals
Author(s):Shumaila Shafket Ali
Department of English, University of Karachi
Abstract :
Considering the cross-cultural nature of teacher-student discourse, the present study aims to investigate university teachers’ use of refusal strategies in response to students’ requests and the students’ perception of politeness in teachers’ refusals. The study was divided into two phases: the data for the first phase were collected through a written Discourse Completion Task (DCT) based on requests that students often make in their classroom. The teachers were required to complete the DCT by declining each request in writing. After categorizing teachers’ refusals, using the framework proposed by Beebe, Takahashi, & Uliss-Weltz (1990), a rating assessment instrument was shared with the students for collecting data for the second phase of the study to investigate their notion of linguistic (im)politeness. The sample size was based on 50 teachers and 50 students from different faculties of the University of Karachi. The results of the study show that irrespective of their designation and gender, teachers employed indirect refusal strategies with greater frequency than the direct refusal strategies. However, significant gender differences were found in the nature of indirect refusals, as the female teachers were found to use multiple refusal strategies for each situation with greater frequency as compared to their male counterparts. As far as the students’ notion of (im)politeness with reference to teachers’ use of refusals is concerned, stude10) The Paradox of Out of Labor Force Educated Women in Pakistan: Evidence from PSLM 2013-14 Household Survey
Author(s):Zubaria Andlib
Federal Urdu University of Arts, Science and Technology, Islamabad
Aliya H. Khan
School of Economics, Quaid- i-Azam University, Islamabad
Abstract :
The study investigates the issue of out of labor force women in Pakistan, one of the possible causes of the lowest FLFP rate of Pakistan amongst the South Asian regional countries. The study uses PSLM (2013-14) household survey data and explores different socioeconomic and demographic factors which are influencing educated women to stay out of the labor force. It concludes that women, who belong to the younger age groups living in urban areas, belonging to higher consumption groups, who have the youngest children at home are more likely to be out of the labor force. The women whose employment decisions are taken by the heads of the households are also more likely to be out of the labor force. As the education levels of the women increase, they are less likely to stay out of the labor force. The results of the study provides useful insights to policymakers to formulate different policies to motivate women to participate in labor market activities.11) Job Performance Dependence on Family Motivation for Energizing Efforts and Reducing Stress
Author(s):Tayyaba Rafique
National College of Business Administration & Economics Lahore, Pakistan
Naeem ur Rehman1, Jawad Rahim Afridi
Sarhad University of Science & Information Technology, Peshawar, Pakist
Abstract :
It’s a universal truth that people perform minimum two different roles in life; one within the family and other at work. People performance varies on both platforms. This study discusses performance of these people and concludes that family motivation is the major reason which positively effects people performance at work. This research highlights the implication of the absence of family motivation; which results in poor performance and low selfesteem of a person. Job performance of a person depends on many things, such as self-motivation, workplace environment, coworkers, monetary benefits, nature of job and family motivation. Among above all, there is a perception that family motivation is a precious tonic which increases energy and reduces stress of among employees. In this study, the impact of family motivation on job performance, is summarized, in the absence of intrinsic and extrinsic motivation. The data for this study was collected from the employees of a different media firm situated in Lahore. We randomly invited 200 employees to fill the questionnaires. We managed all the data, analyzed it and explored that most employees agreed that family motivation was the key parameter which increases job performance, by boosting the energy levels of a person, in the absence of intrinsic motivation. However, on the other hand, it was also observed that family motivation did not reduce the stress of employees. Hence, it was concluded based on our study t12) Corrigendum: (A post-publication change in the authorship)
Author(s):Mr. Kashmir Khan
(Senior News Producer at PTV, Peshawar); and Mr. Bakht Zaman, Assistant
Professor, Department of Journalism & Mass Communication, University of
Peshawar as co-author. Mr. Rahman Ul
Abstract :
Corrigendum: (A post-publication change in the authorship)Volume No. Volume XXVII No.2 2019
Issue No. Volume XXVII No.2 2019
Volume XXVII No.2 2019