The Journal of Humanities & Social Sciences

Author(s):Editor Faizullah Jan, Ph.D. Office Assistant Muhammad Altaf Khattak

Abstract :

The Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences (JHSS), a refereed and internationally indexed journal recognised by the HEC, is published biannually by the Faculty of Arts and Humanities, University of Peshawar, with the approval of the competent authority. No part of the material published in this journal be reproduced, reprinted, or copied without the prior permission of the editor.

Author(s):Syed Irfan Ashraf, Ph.D. Assistant Professor, Department of Journalism & Mass Communication University of Peshawar, Pakistan

Abstract :

In this essay, I offer a perspective on the consequences of reporting from a marginalized trade position called „fixer‟. Fixers are daily wage workers hired in global news production to help international journalists report from conflict-hit zones. Back in 2009, the New York Times hired me as a fixer to co-produce a documentary on Malala, a pre-teen activist struggling for her right to education in the Taliban-controlled Swat valley at the peak of terrorism in Pakistan. The project was the first of its kind to introduce the protagonist to a global audience. In 2012, the Taliban led by Molvi Fazlullah shot Malala in the head. Though the girl survived and also won the Nobel Peace prize in 2014, popular discourses held the global media responsible for exposing the child activist to violence. This essay takes up the issue of news source security without limiting my perspective to Malala. I highlight, while using Marxist framework, how working as a fixer reduces a journalist to a vulnerable status, exposing him/her to threats, and jeopardizes news sources' security. I argue that the role emerged in tandem with the wider practices of decontextualizing local events, people and stories to fit the consumption patterns of free market economy.

Author(s):Sobia Ilyas University of Management and Technology Lahore, Pakistan

Abstract :

The paper posits that Urdu is a naturally heteroglossic or polyphonic language which was invariably exploited by its white colonizers to suit different administrative and political purposes. A historical overview of Urdu is thus taken to explore its debatable status as an indigenous language, its multiple roles and titles during its long history and its exploitive use during the British Raj. Bakhtin‟s linguistic theory of Heteroglossia is used as a framework for analyzing data taken from two sources: The “Glossary of the British Raj” and “Kipling‟s glossary of Hindustani-Urdu-Hindi words”. The sample consisted of words chosen to reflect three identities of Urdu during the British rule: postcolonial, functional, and oriental. The findings revealed Urdu‟s natural tendency to adapt to roles that are diverse in their range and import, for which reason it (Urdu) cannot be restricted to a regional identity. A similar approach is used in analyzing the language‟s status during the British Raj, a period in which its versatility is best expressed through the diverse uses the colonizers employed it for: a lingua franca, a functional language, the language of the subaltern and last but not the least, the alluring language of the Orient. The paper offers new perspectives for rediscovering a linguistic phenomenon: the Urdu language.

Author(s):Muhammad Zahir, Ph.D. Associate Professor, Department of Archaeology, Hazara University, Mansehra, Pakistan & Affiliate Researcher, Department of Archaeology, Max Planck Institute for the Science o

Abstract :

Petroglyphs were discovered in the Birir valley of district Chitral, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province, Pakistan, on an ancient route connecting the Kalasha valleys with Nuristan, lower Chitral and Central Asia. The petroglyphs were engraved on a solitary schist stone. The rock, with associated structures, occupies a strategic location in the landscape, possibly representing a hunting outpost. The petroglyphs consist of 29 figures, including human, animal, geometric and indistinct figures. These figures seem to have been created through the use of a metal stylus/burin. The figures were produced through the percussion method, utilizing a stippling technique. The depiction of a dog, a goat and stylized human figures suggest a possible link to the subsistence and hunting strategies of the protohistoric people in the region. Based upon the limited archaeological knowledge of the region, the present petroglyph site may tentatively be dated to the 1st millennium BCE.

Author(s):Aminah Gilani Lecturer, Department of Political Science, Kinnaird College for Women Lahore, Pakistan Aliya Talib Lecturer, Department of Political Science, Kinnaird College for Women Lahore, Pakist

Abstract :

The South Asia is known for the tensions and perpetual tussles between the two nuclear armed neighbors, India and Pakistan. However, the opening of Kartarpur Corridor on the 9th November 2019, the Kartarpur Gurdwara inside Pakistan‟s Narowal district has emerged as a symbol of love-in-the-time-of-cholera, especially at the time when both archrivals are militarily, diplomatically and politically at loggerheads over the Kashmir conflict. Kartarpur Corridor is an initiative that has the potential to change the long-standing political dynamics of the region. The people from India can travel visa-free to Pakistan through scenic Kartarpur Corridor to visit and pray at the Kartarpur Gurdwara. Secretary General of United Nations Mr. Antonio Guterres while on his three days‟ visit to Pakistan paid a special tribute to Kartarpur Corridor on February 18th, 2020 terming it as the “Corridor of Hope”. This research seeks to acknowledge and analyze the prospects of this initiative in achieving its full potential of changing bitter realities between the South Asian neighbors and paving way for cordiality to replace hatred. The researchers have had the chance to participate in the inauguration ceremony for the Kartarpur Corridor held on November 9th‟ 2019; therefore, this research is based on direct and indirect observational method, with qualitative research analysis. The hypothesis is based on the understanding that „Kartarpur Corridor is a possible breakthrough towards long ter

Author(s):Muhammad Israr, Ph.D. Officer Commanding, Sheikh Zayed International Airport, Rahim Yar Khan, Pakistan

Abstract :

The post 9/11 tides of terrorism in Pakistan badly affected the aviation industry of the country. Acts of terrorism were perpetrated at different airports of the country. Bacha Khan International Airport (BKIA) Peshawar remained the most affected due to frequent terrorist attacks. This article dissects the reasons behind the terrorist activities in and around BKIA. The location, vulnerabilities and some big terror incidents at BKIA have been discussed and analysed in this study. Security measures at airports have been looked into. It has been investigated as to why complete prevention of terrorist incidents at all the airports in general and BKLA in particular are so difficult. The multidimensional impact of terrorism on Pakistani aviation industry does not appear much researched about. This article specifically focuses on the impact of terrorism on BKIA Peshawar. The types of attacks and their respective impact have also been discussed. The passengers and visitors’ difficulties in reaching the airport have been chronicled. The study also carries some workable recommendations for the government, the response of the people and need for an advanced security mechanism for protection and promotion of aviation industry in Pakistan.